4 papers reviewed
Gut Microbiome & the Estrobolome
2017 · review · 1 of 4
Estrogen-gut microbiome axis: physiological and clinical implications
Baker JM, Al-Nakkash L, Herbst-Kralovetz MM · Maturitas
Foundational description of the estrobolome. Gut bacteria producing beta-glucuronidase deconjugate estrogens in the intestine, allowing reabsorption via enterohepatic circulation and raising circulating estrogen. This is the mechanistic basis for most gut-hormone claims in functional medicine.
Read the paper ↗2023 · review · 2 of 4
Gut microbial beta-glucuronidase: a vital regulator in female estrogen metabolism
— · Gut Microbes
Detailed mechanism of bacterial beta-glucuronidase in estrogen recycling, including how antibiotic exposure and dietary fiber shift enzymatic activity.
Read the paper ↗2025 · systematic review · 3 of 4
Could the estrobolome have a role in endometriosis pathogenesis and infertility? A systematic review
— · BMC Women's Health
Gut dysbiosis and estrobolome alterations are consistently observed in endometriosis, with increased beta-glucuronidase activity producing a higher-estrogen environment favoring lesion persistence and inflammatory signalling.
Read the paper ↗2026 · systematic review / meta-analysis · 4 of 4
The impact of estrogen status on the gut microbiome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
— · Frontiers in Endocrinology
Necessary corrective to estrobolome enthusiasm: although beta-glucuronidase activity and enterohepatic estrogen recycling remain biologically plausible, pooled data suggest these processes do not translate into reproducible, large-scale compositional changes detectable at the level of alpha-diversity or dominant phyla. The mechanism is real; the measurable population-level signal is weaker than commonly claimed.
Read the paper ↗A paper's presence documents the evidence reviewed; it does not mean Filia endorses every intervention or conclusion.