4 papers reviewed
Emerging Environmental Exposures — Microplastics & Air Pollution
2025 · cross-sectional · 1 of 4
First evidence of microplastics in human ovarian follicular fluid: an emerging threat to female fertility
— · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Microplastics were detected in 69% of follicular fluid samples from women undergoing fertility evaluation. First direct demonstration that plastic particles reach the ovarian follicle — the immediate environment of the developing egg.
Read the paper ↗2025 · review · 2 of 4
Microplastics and human fertility: a comprehensive review of their presence in human samples and reproductive implications
— · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Microplastics are documented in semen, placenta, breast milk and follicular fluid. Associated effects include altered folliculogenesis, disrupted ovarian hormone levels, impaired oocyte quality and placental dysfunction, plus impaired spermatogenesis in males. Human causal evidence remains limited; most mechanistic data are animal or in vitro.
Read the paper ↗2024 · prospective cohort · 3 of 4
Air pollution and fecundability in a North American preconception cohort study (PRESTO)
Wesselink AK et al. · Pediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology / PMC
In a large preconception cohort of naturally conceiving couples, particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM2.5-10) exposure was associated with reduced fecundability — relevant to the general trying-to-conceive population rather than only IVF patients.
Read the paper ↗2025 · prospective cohort · 4 of 4
Association of combined exposure to air pollutants during ovarian stimulation, follicular fluid metabolites, and IVF/ICSI outcomes: a prospective cohort study
— · Journal of Hazardous Materials
In 688 women, higher PM2.5 and ozone during ovarian stimulation were significantly associated with reduced fertilization rates, fewer top-quality embryos, and lower clinical pregnancy and live birth rates — with follicular fluid metabolite changes proposed as the mediating pathway.
Read the paper ↗A paper's presence documents the evidence reviewed; it does not mean Filia endorses every intervention or conclusion.