4 papers reviewed
Celiac Disease, Gluten & Reproductive Health
2019 · systematic review / meta-analysis · 1 of 4
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Women with Infertility
— · Nutrients
Pooled biopsy-confirmed celiac prevalence of 0.7% (95% CI 0.2-1.2%) across 11 studies and 1,617 women with infertility, with seroprevalence around 1.3-1.6%. Modest in absolute terms but relevant because it is cheaply screened and fully treatable.
Read the paper ↗2021 · systematic review / meta-analysis · 2 of 4
The prevalence of celiac disease in women with infertility — a systematic review with meta-analysis
Glimberg I et al. · Reproductive Medicine and Biology
Independent meta-analysis reaching similar conclusions, with prevalence in unexplained infertility specifically reported as high as 4-8% in some individual studies. NICE recommends testing for celiac disease in women with unexplained reduced fertility or recurrent miscarriage — a guideline-backed recommendation.
Read the paper ↗2014 · systematic review / meta-analysis · 3 of 4
Celiac disease and reproductive disorders: meta-analysis of epidemiologic associations and potential pathogenic mechanisms
Tersigni C et al. · Human Reproduction Update
Establishes associations between untreated celiac disease and infertility, recurrent miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, low birth weight and preterm delivery, with proposed mechanisms including micronutrient malabsorption and autoimmune placental effects.
Read the paper ↗2025 · review · 4 of 4
Fertility in Celiac Disease: The Impact of Gluten on Male and Female Reproductive Health
— · Nutrients
Current synthesis: untreated celiac may contribute to infertility — particularly unexplained cases — and a gluten-free diet significantly reduces the elevated risks of miscarriage, IUGR, low birth weight and preterm delivery. Important caveat: overall infertility prevalence in diagnosed, treated celiac patients does not exceed the general population, and evidence remains conflicting. This supports screening, not blanket gluten avoidance.
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